Oxyuranus Microlepidotus Snake Venom (Inland Taipan Snake Venom)

Description

Oxyuranus Microlepidotus Snake Venom | Inland Taipan Snake Venom:

Oxyuranus Microlepidotus Snake Venom | Inland Taipan Snake Venom is extracted from a snake called Oxyuranus Microlepidotus.

More details about Oxyuranus Microlepidotus Snake Venom | Inland Taipan Snake Venom:

Taxonomic Classification:

About Oxyuranus Microlepidotus Snake:

The inland taipan (Oxyuranus microlepidotus), also commonly known as the western taipan, the small-scaled snake or the fierce snake, is a species of extremely venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is endemic to semi-arid regions of central east Australia. Aboriginal Australians living in those regions named the snake dandarabilla.

Taxonomy:

The Australian taipans; the coastal taipan (Oxyuranus scutellatus) and the inland taipan (Oxyuranus microlepidotus) shared a common ancestor.

Alignments of the mitochondrial ND4 genes from these species indicate an evolutionary divergence from the common ancestor around 9-10 million years ago.

The inland taipan would have been known to Aboriginal Australians 40,000–⁠60,000 years ago and is well known to them today. To the aboriginal people from the place now called Goyder Lagoon in north-east South Australia, the inland taipan was called Dandarabilla.

Distribution and habitat:

The inland taipan inhabits the black soil plains in the semi-arid regions where Queensland and South Australia borders converge.

In Queensland, the snake has been observed in Channel Country region (e.g., Diamantina National Park, Durrie Station, Morney Plains Station and Astrebla Downs National Park) and in South Australia it has been observed in the Marree-Innamincka NRM District (e.g., Goyder Lagoon Tirari Desert, Sturt Stony Desert, Coongie Lakes, Innamincka Regional Reserve and Oodnadatta). An isolated population also occurs near Coober Pedy, South Australia.

Description:

The inland taipan is dark tan, ranging from a rich, dark hue to a brownish light-green, depending on season. Its back, sides and tail may be different shades of brown and grey, with many scales having a wide blackish edge.

These dark-marked scales occur in diagonal rows so that the marks align to form broken chevrons of variable length that are inclined backward and downward.

The lowermost lateral scales often have an anterior yellow edge. The dorsal scales are smooth and without keels.

The round-snouted head and neck are usually noticeably darker than the body (glossy black in winter, dark brown in summer), the darker colour allowing the snake to heat itself while exposing only a smaller portion of the body at the burrow entrance.

The eye is of average size with a blackish brown iris and without a noticeable coloured rim around the pupil.

Seasonal adaptation:

Inland taipans adapt to their environment by changing the colour of the skin during seasonal changes. They tend to become lighter during summer and darker during the winter.

This seasonal colour change serves the purpose of thermoregulation, allowing the snake to absorb more light in the colder months.

Breeding:

Inland taipan produce clutches of between one dozen and two dozen eggs. The eggs hatch two months later. The eggs are usually laid in abandoned animal burrows and deep crevices.

Reproduction rate depends in part on their diet: if there is not enough food, then the snake will reproduce less.

Captive snakes generally live for 10 to 15 years. An inland taipan at the Australia Zoo lived to be over 20 years old.

Feeding:

In the wild, the inland taipan consumes only mammals, mostly rodents, such as the long-haired rat (Rattus villosissimus), the plains rat (Pseudomys australis), the introduced house mouse (Mus musculus) and other dasyurids.

In captivity it may also eat day-old chicks. Unlike other venomous snakes that strike with a single, accurate bite then retreat while waiting for the prey to die, the fierce snake subdues the prey with a series of rapid, accurate strikes.

It is known to deliver up to eight venomous bites in a single attack, often snapping its jaws fiercely several times to inflict multiple punctures in the same attack.

Its more risky attack strategy entails holding its prey with its body and biting it repeatedly.

This injects the extremely toxic venom deep into the prey. The venom acts so rapidly that its prey does not have time to fight back.

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